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The short answer: ipconfig /flushdns and its Mac and Linux equivalents (they are in clearing the cache) only clear the operating system’s cache. The browser has its own, keeps connections already open to the old address, and may even ask a different resolver from the system’s (“secure DNS”). Phones and routers keep copies too. This article shows where those caches are and how to clear each one.
Where each cache lives, and how to clear it
| Where | How to clear it | Note |
| Chrome, Edge, Brave, Opera | Type chrome://net-internals/#dns in the address bar (in Edge, edge://net-internals/#dns) and press Clear host cache. Then, at chrome://net-internals/#sockets, press Flush socket pools. | The second button closes connections already open to the old server, which would otherwise keep being reused. |
| Firefox | Type about:networking#dns and press Clear DNS Cache. | Firefox may have “DNS over HTTPS” switched on in its privacy settings. |
| Safari | There is no page for it. Quit Safari completely (on a Mac, Cmd+Q) and flush the macOS cache. | Closing the window is not enough: the program has to quit. |
| Android | There is no command. Switch airplane mode on and off, or restart the phone. In Chrome for Android, chrome://net-internals/#dns works too. | Check whether Private DNS is on in the network settings: it changes which resolver is used. |
| iPhone and iPad | Switch airplane mode on and off, or restart. | A VPN, a configuration profile or a manual DNS in the Wi-Fi settings change which resolver is used. |
| The router | Restart it. Many routers keep a DNS cache and hand themselves out as the resolver for the whole network. | If the whole home or office sees the old site and a phone on mobile data sees the new one, it is this layer or the provider’s resolver. |
The order, from the inside out
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| Clearing your caches does not clear your internet provider’s. If the resolver your network uses still holds the old answer, everything you clear on the computer gets the old one back. On a company computer, do not change the network’s DNS without talking to whoever runs the network. |
| The cleanest test of all: a phone on mobile data, with Wi-Fi off, in a private window. It is another device, another network and another resolver. Menu names change with the version and language of each system. |
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Cleared everything and only your network still sees the old site? Tell us the domain and what the phone on mobile data shows. Open a support ticket |
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